7 - Nutrition and Diet
Q 1. Fill in
the blanks
Ans. 1) The process of intake of food and utilizing it for
all life processes is called nutrition.
2) All the substances in our food which are useful for
various bodily processes are
called nutrients.
3) Carbohydrates and fats provide energy to our body
4) In a balanced diet, all the nutrients are present in the
adequate proportion
5) In the food pyramid cereals are given the maximum space
because they fulfil our
Energy /carbohydrate dietary requirements
6) Intake of more food than necessary causes obesity.
Q 2. Choose the
correct alternative
Ans. 1) Pulses are a good source of proteins.
2)Cereals provide maximum energy to the body
3)Goiter is caused by a deficiency of the mineral iodine.
4)Chocolate is a type of junk food.
5) Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting.
Q 3. Spot the
following in the table of vitamins and minerals
1) The nutrient present in citrus fruits.
Ans. Vitamin C
2) Vitamins / Minerals present in milk
Ans Minerals like calcium and phosphorus and Vitamins A, B,
D
3) Causes and symptoms of night blindness, scurvy rickets
beriberi.
Ans • Night blindness – Cause: Deficiency of Vitamin A
Symptom: Inability to see in dim light.
• Scurvy – Cause: Deficiency of Vitamin C Symptom: Bleeding gums
• Rickets - Cause : Deficiency of Vitamin D: Symptoms : Softening
of bones, causing
pain and fractures
• Beriberi - Cause:
Deficiency of Vitamin B1: Symptoms Nerve disorder
4)Foods required to prevent the above diseases.
Ans. Food stuffs to
prevent night blindness : Red and yellow vegetables and fruits. Leafy vegetables,
milk, butter
• Food stuffs to prevent scurvy : Citrus fruits, lemon, amla
tomato green leafy vegetables.
green vegetables
• Food stuffs to prevent rickets : Sun bathing, milk,
butter, fish meal.eggs
• Food stuffs to prevent beriberi: Cereals, nuts, pulses,
milk, meal fish
5) Causes of anaemia
Ans. Deficiency of iron and Vitamin B12
(1) Essential minerals for healthy bones and teeth.
Ans. Calcium and Phosphorus:
(2) Sensory organ affected due to the deficiency of Vitamin A.
Ans. Eyes.
